Since the end of the Holocaust in 1945
55 million civilians have perished
in more than 89 major genocides
around the world
|
NATION |
YEARS OF EPISODES SINCE 1945 |
CUMULATIVE CIVILIAN DEATH TOLL |
GROUP AFFECTED |
MAJOR KILLERS |
Africa Region |
Sudan – South, Nuba Region |
1956 – 1972 |
500,000 |
Nuer, Dinka, Christians, Nuba, southerners |
Khartoum Government, NIF Government, Militias, Rebels |
1983 – 2005 |
1,500,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Sudan - Darfur |
2001 - present |
250,000+ |
Zaghawa, Fur, Massaleit, and Black Africans |
Janjaweed Arab Militias, Sudan Government |
|
|
|
|
|
Democratic Republic of the Congo |
1945 – 1960 |
1,000’s |
Africans |
Colonial Forces |
|
|
|
|
|
Democratic Republic of the Congo |
1994 – 1997 |
80,000 |
Hutus, Banyamulenge, |
Kabila/ Rwandan army, Ugandan, Rwandan armies, rebels, DRCongo, allied armies |
2,000,000 |
(civil war) |
1994 – present |
40,000 |
Hema,Lendu |
Ethnic militias |
1997 – present |
1,000,000 |
(civil war) |
War-lord led militias, DRC army |
1994-present |
500,000+ |
Women (mass rape) |
Rwandan interhamwe militias, Congolese militias, army |
|
|
|
|
|
Somalia |
1988 – present |
100,000 |
Somalis, Isaaq clan |
Warlord/clan militias |
2006 - present |
40,000 |
Islamists, gov’t supporters |
Ethiopian army; Al-Shabaab Terrorists |
|
|
|
|
|
Ethiopia |
1945 – 1974 |
150,000 |
Oromo, Eritreans, Somali |
Selassie Monarchy |
1974 – 1985 |
750,000 |
Class enemies, Oromo |
Derg Communists |
1994 – 2000 |
125,000 |
Eritrea war |
Army (Ethiopian Defence Forces) |
2001 – present |
25,000+ |
Ethnic minorities |
Army (EDF) |
2001 – present |
20,000 |
Ogadeni (Somalis) |
Army (EDF) |
|
|
|
|
|
Equatorial Guinea |
1975 – 1979 |
50,000 |
Bubi, Nguema foes |
Macias Nguema Regime, Successor |
2001 - present |
|
|
|
|
|
Uganda |
1972 – 1979 |
300,000 |
Acholi, Lango, Karamoja |
Amin gov’t army, police |
1980 – 1986 |
250,000 |
Baganda,, Banyarwanda |
Obote gov’t army, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Zimbabwe |
1982 – 84 |
20,000 |
Matabele |
Government Army 5th Brigade, Milithias |
1998 – present |
10,000+ |
MDC supporters, Matabele, urban poor, white farmers |
Government Police, Army, ZANU-PF Militias |
|
|
|
|
|
Eritrea |
1961 – 1991 |
570,000 |
Eritreans (independence war with Ethiopia) |
Ethiopian Armies, Police |
1998 -- 2000 |
125,000 |
Border war with Ethiopia |
|
|
|
|
|
Burundi |
1959 – 1962 |
50,000 |
Hutus |
Tutsi Government |
1972 |
150,000 |
Hutus |
Tutsi Army |
1988 |
25,000 |
Hutus |
Tutsi Army |
1993 – 1995 |
50,000 |
Tutsis |
Hutu Rebels |
100,000 |
Hutus |
Tutsi Army |
1996 – 2006 |
100,000 |
Tutsi, Hutu |
Rebels, Army |
|
|
|
|
|
Nigeria |
1966 – 1970 |
1,000,000 |
Ibos |
Nigerian Army |
|
|
|
|
|
Algeria |
1954 – 1963 |
160,000 |
OAS, Harkis, settlers |
French Legions, OAS, Rebels |
1991 -- 2005 |
200,000 |
Gov’t officials, Berbers |
Islamic Armed Group (GIA) |
|
|
|
|
|
Sierra Leone |
1991 – 2003 |
200,000 |
Sierra Leone civilians |
Revolutionary United Front, Other Militias |
|
|
|
|
|
Rwanda |
1959 – 1963, 1993 |
10,000's |
Tutsi |
Hutu Government |
1994 |
800,000 |
Tutsi |
Hutu Power Government, Interhamwe |
1995 – present |
1,000's |
Hutus |
Rwandan Government |
|
|
|
|
|
Angola |
1961 -- 1962 |
40,000 |
Kongo |
Colonial Army |
1975 – 2003 |
500,000 |
Umbundu, Ovimbundu |
Government, UNITA Armies, Allies |
|
|
|
|
|
Liberia |
1990 – 2003 |
200,000 |
Krahn, Gio, Mano, etc. |
Doe Government Army, Taylor Rebels, Government, Rebels |
|
|
|
|
|
Mozambique |
1975 – 1994 |
1,000,000 |
MPLA, Renamo |
Renamo, MPLA |
|
|
|
|
|
Egypt |
2012 - present |
10,000+ |
Copts |
Muslim Fundamentalists |
Americas Region |
Colombia |
1948 -- 1958 |
180,000 |
Liberals vs. Conservatives |
Political parties |
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil |
1945 -- 1964 |
300,000 |
Vargas foes, Indians |
Gov’t police, settler militias |
|
|
|
|
|
Guatemala |
1950’s –1980’s |
200,000 |
Mayans |
Gov’t army, death squads |
|
|
|
|
|
Haiti |
1957 – 1971 |
60,000 |
Mulattos, Christians and political opposition |
Papa Doc Duvalier, Army, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina |
1976 – 1980 |
20,000 |
leftists |
Army, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Chilé |
1973 – 1976 |
10,000’s |
leftists |
Army, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Nicaragua |
1970 – 1979 |
30,000 |
Sandinistas |
Gov’t army |
1980 – 1989 |
30,000 |
Contras |
Sandinista army |
|
|
|
|
|
El Salvador |
1980 – 1992 |
75,000 |
leftists |
Army, militias |
|
|
|
|
|
Peru |
1980 -- 1992 |
69,000 |
State authorities |
Shining Path Maoists |
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico |
1945 – 2001 |
10,000’s |
Indians, gov’t foes |
Army, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Chiapas |
1945 -- 2001 |
10,000’s |
Mayans |
Army, police |
Asia Region |
North Korea |
1995-1997 |
1,000,000+ |
North Korean civilians |
State created famine |
|
|
|
|
|
Afghanistan |
1978-1993 |
50,000+ |
Pro-Soviet Agfhans |
Mujahadin |
1993 – 1996 |
30,000 |
(civil war) |
Warlords |
1996 – 2001 |
50,000+ |
Tajiks, Uzbeks, Hazara |
Taliban,Al Qaeda |
1996 – 2001 |
10,000+ |
Pashtuns |
NorthernAlliance |
|
|
|
|
|
Pakistan |
1947 (partition) |
61,000 |
Hindus |
Muslim mobs |
|
|
|
|
|
Bangladesh |
1971 |
1,500,000 |
Bengalis & Hindus |
West Pakistani army |
|
|
|
|
|
Frontier provinces |
2003-present |
10,000's |
Government supporters |
Islamists, Al-Queda |
|
|
|
|
|
Burma (Myanmar) |
1962-2007 |
100,000 |
Shan, Karen, NDU |
SLORC, SPDC |
Myanmar (Formerly Burma) |
2017-present |
430,000 |
Muslim Rohingya |
Government, Rakhine Buddhists |
|
|
|
|
|
Peoples Republic of China |
1949 – 1977 |
35,000,000+ |
“class enemies”, religious minorities, Uighurs Muslims, Christians |
Maoist communist gov’t, PRC army, Red Guards, police |
|
|
|
|
|
Nepal |
1996 – present |
20,000 |
anti-Maoists |
Maoist rebels |
10,000’s |
rebels |
Nepal army |
|
|
|
|
|
Indonesia |
1965 |
500,000 |
communists |
Suharto gov’t & successors |
1984 -- present |
100,000+ |
West Papua/ Irian Jayans |
Indonesian army |
|
|
|
|
|
India |
1947 (partition) |
100,000’s |
Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs |
Hindu, Muslim, Sikh mobs |
|
|
|
|
|
Kashmir |
1989 -- present |
40,000+ |
Kashmiri Muslims |
Indian police |
|
|
|
|
|
Sri Lanka |
1983 – 2009 |
60,000 |
Tamil |
Anti-Tamil mobs |
Sinhalese civilians |
Tamil Tiger rebels |
|
|
|
|
|
Azerbaijan |
1988 – 1994 |
10,000’s |
Armenians |
Azeri |
|
|
|
|
|
Tajikistan |
1992 -- 1997 |
50,000+ |
Tajik & Uzbek opposition |
Ex-Communists |
|
|
|
|
|
Cambodia |
1966 – 1975 |
15,000 |
Vietnamese |
Lon Nol gov’t |
1968 – 1975 |
360,000 |
pro-gov’t |
Khmer Rouge |
1975 – 1979 |
1,700,000 – 2,200,000 |
class enemies, Cham Muslims, city people, Vietnamese, Eastern Zone |
Khmer Rouge |
|
|
|
|
|
Laos |
1945 – 1960 |
10,000's |
leftists |
Royalists,French |
1960 – 1975 |
100,000 |
anti-communists |
Pathet Lao |
|
|
|
|
|
East Timor |
1965 – 2000 |
200,000 |
Timorese |
Indonesian army, militias |
|
|
|
|
|
Russia –Chechnya, Ingushetia |
1994 – 1996 |
50,000 |
Chechens |
Russian Army |
1999 -- present |
25,000 |
Chechens |
Russian Army |
|
|
|
|
|
Yugoslavia: Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia |
1941 – 1945 |
650,000 |
Serbs |
Croatian Fascists (Ustashi) |
1941 – 1945 |
100,000 |
Croats, Muslims |
Serb Partisans (Chetniks) |
1945 – 1987 |
1,000,000 |
Tito foes |
Tito gov’t |
|
|
|
|
|
Bosnia |
1992 – 1998 |
100,000 |
Muslims, Croats |
Bosnian Serbs |
Serbs |
Croats, Muslims |
|
|
|
|
|
Croatia |
1991 – 1995 |
50,000 |
Bosnian Muslims |
Croat army, militias, Serbs, |
Serbs, Croats |
Bosnian Muslims |
Middle East Region |
Iraq |
1961 – 2003 |
190,000 |
Kurds, Shiites, Kuwaitis |
Iraqi army, presidential guard, Baathists |
2003 – present |
115,000 |
Shiites, Sunni “collaborators”, Kurds, Coptics, Insurgents |
Fedayeen, Al Queda, insurgent terrorists, Mahdi Army, Iraqi and coalition forces, ISIL |
2014 – 2019 |
5,000 |
Yazidis |
ISIL in the Islamic State controlled territory of Northern Iraq |
|
|
|
|
|
Yemen |
1962 --1970 |
150,000 |
North Yemen Saudi-backed royalists vs. Marxist republicans |
Egyptian and Yemeni republican troops, backed by USSR |
|
|
|
|
|
Lebanon |
1974 – 1991 |
55,000 |
Christians, Muslims, Druze |
Religious militias, Hezbollah, Phalangists |
|
|
|
|
|
Iran |
1953 – 1978 |
26,000 |
Shah foes |
Secret police |
1978 – 1992 |
60,000 |
Kurds, monarchists, Bahai |
Iranian army, revolution guards |
|
|
|
|
|
Syria |
1981 – 1982 |
21,000 |
Kurds, Sunni Muslims |
Syrian army, police |
2012-present |
174,000 |
Kurds, Sunni Muslims |
Syrian army, police |